Flight of the wingless coffin fly

As Sissy Willis, among others, has pointed out, I was guilty of some sloppy wordplay a few posts back when, in making the argument that blogs are, at their best, bacterial, I conflated “parasite” and “scavenger.” Oh what a tangled web we weave when we practice to amuse!

A digression: Speaking of tangled webs, my original post made a cross-species leap to the mainstream media when it was picked up, in a slightly morphed form, by the Guardian. It was then further recycled by another MSM outlet, the Hindu, from which it made the leap back, in semidigested form, into the blogosphere, where, I believe, it resides to this day, picked over by desultory buzzards. I don’t know what all that means for my metaphor, but I sense that it has broken down, fulfilling its destiny.

Maybe that wasn’t such a digression after all.

A real digression: When you search for “practice to deceive” on Google, the machine asks you:

Did you mean: “practice to receive”

Algorithms are such philistines. But you have to forgive them. They mean well.

End of digression.

Did I mention that today is Rough Type’s second birthday? That means it’s forty-eight in people years.

Back to Sissy:

We checked out Carr’s post and realized he’s got the right argument – big time, a must read [damn straight] – re how bloggers ingest and recycle MSM droppings, but the wrong word. Carr appears to use parasite and scavenger interchangeably, and that’s where he goes wrong.

Guilty, and inexcusably so. Distraught. O’erbrimmed with shame.

And yet, as the evolutionists will tell you, sloppiness is sometimes a virtue. In my confusion may lie, as in the gut of a rodent, a small seed of truth. I call your attention (if you can spare a thimbleful of that scarce resource) to the fact that nature herself at times would seem to share my confusion, dispensing from her handbag several organisms that have a dual identity as parasite and scavenger. Take the lowly humpbacked fly, which is also known as the coffin fly (for its tendency to feed on corpses). As the Encyclopedia Britannica tells us (in a free snippet), the humpbacked, or coffin, fly is:

any of numerous species of tiny, dark-coloured flies with humped backs that are in the fly order, Diptera, and can be found around decaying vegetation. Larvae may be scavengers, parasites, or commensals in ant and termite nests. Some species have reduced or no wings.

A commensal, by the way, is an organism that lives off another organism without either helping or harming that other organism. And if you think that adds another wrinkle to the discussion, you are right.

What I’m getting at here is that blogs need not be narrowly categorized as parasites or scavengers. A blog, like the larvae of a humpbacked fly in a termite colony, can be a scavenger or a parasite – or even, for that matter, a commensal. Or all three at once.

It cannot go unremarked (one more thimbleful, that’s all I ask) that termites themselves are, according to Wikipedia, that buzzard of human knowledge, “a prime example of decentralised, self-organised systems using swarm intelligence and use this cooperation [sic] to exploit food sources and environments that could not be available to any single insect acting alone.” Termite workers, we further learn, “are the main caste in the colony for the digestion of cellulose in food … the workers feed the other members of the colony with substances derived from the digestion of plant material, either from the mouth or anus … Termite workers are generally blind due to undeveloped eyes. Despite this limitation they are able to create elaborate nests and tunnel systems using a combination of soil, chewed wood/cellulose, saliva and faeces.”

Which, neatly if circuitously, brings us back to the blogosphere and, almost, to the end of this post.

“Some species have reduced or no wings.” Ah, the wingless coffin fly, mon semblable, mon frère!

You ain’t going nowhere

So who has the upper hand in the tussle between MySpace and Photobucket? Mike Arrington argues that Photobucket has the stronger lock-in: “many MySpace/Photobucket users will simply leave MySpace and go to one of its many competitors rather than lose the ability to embed their Photobucket media. Re-creating a profile at another social network takes a lot less time than re-uploading hours of video. In the end, Photobucket could prove to be stickier than MySpace.”

I don’t buy that. While it’s true that for some (small but perhaps important) minority of MySpace customers, the time-related switching cost of leaving Photobucket would be higher than the time-related switching cost of leaving MySpace, time is not the only factor. There’s also the network effect: How much of the value of the site comes from the other people using it? The network effect would seem to be much higher for MySpace – it’s all about the friends, right? – than for Photobucket. MySpace gives you an address; Photobucket gives you a tool. Unless there’s a mass exodus from MySpace, which is highly unlikely at this point (yes, that contradicts something I wrote a year ago), the total switching cost for leaving a popular social network like MySpace will be much higher than for leaving a tool-maker like Photobucket.

A lot of people will buy a new phone even if it means reprogramming all their automatic-dial numbers. Switching phone numbers is a much bigger deal, even if it’s “easier.”

I think Dare Obasanjo gets it right:

The key question is whether the lock-in from a social network site like MySpace (where all your friends are) is more significant than the lock-in from having my media stored in a particular photo hosting or video hosting site. If MySpace has only blocked new embeds from PhotoBucket then I’m willing to bet that it is more likely that users will simply pick a new media hosting provider (e.g. YouTube for videos, Flickr for photos) than that they’ll switch to Facebook or Windows Live Spaces because they are too tied to PhotoBucket. If I were PhotoBucket, I’d work with MySpace and either (i) agree on how MySpace gets a revshare of PhotoBucket ads shown on their site or (ii) make it easy for MySpace to filter out the embeds with ads (which are a minority) and allow other embedded media from PhotoBucket pass through.

What this affair reveals is that even in the supposedly open world of Web 2.0, competitive advantage still seems to be measured by the strength of a site’s or a service’s lock-in and the size of the switching costs it imposes on its “members.” It’s still as much, or more, about erecting barriers as it is about knocking them down.

The sharecroppers’ tools

MySpace has restricted its members’ ability to stream on their pages videos hosted at Photobucket. A clear violation of the spirit of Web 2.0 – the sixties got free love; we get free widgets – the move has set off an outcry in the blogosphere. A revolt, we’re told, may be in the offing, as fed-up MySpacers pull up stakes and strike out for unfenced territories, where the deer and the antelope play.

Maybe. Maybe not. The gravitational pull produced by the network effect can be pretty strong.

It’s worth remembering that the business model of Web 2.0 social networks is the sharecropping model. After the Civil War, when the original sharecropping system took hold in the American south, the plantation owners made money in two ways. They leased land to the sharecroppers, and they also leased them their tools. It’s no different this time. The payments for land (Web pages) and tools (video widgets et al.) don’t come directly, through exchanges of cash, but rather indirectly, through the sale of advertisements. But the idea is the same. If there’s a widget that can accommodate advertising, that tool will be supplied by the plantation owner, not by some interloping varmint. Whine all you want, but that’s the way it’s going to be.

Now, if the interloper would like to pay for the privilege of being a tool supplier on the plantation owner’s land, well, that’s a different story entirely.

Bathtub computing

The search for more efficient servers has already brought us trailer park computing. Now it’s bringing us bathtub computing. A UK firm with the unfortunate name Very-PC claims that submerging server racks in an oil bath can cut electricity use by up to half. The company plans to introduce the slippery new system next year. Reports New Scientist:

In tests, server racks were immersed in tanks of oil normally used to keep machinery cool. A refrigeration unit positioned below was used to create convection currents that draw heat away from the electronics, which is much more energy efficient than using fans. “Using oil we could chill down to -20ºC, but between 0ºC and 10ºC looks to be best,” says [Very-PC managing director Peter] Hopton.

He suggests that the extra cost of using oil should be quickly paid back by the increased efficiency. Also, keeping components cooler should reduce the chances of failure, making the machines more reliable, Hopton says, and that more machines can be packed into the same amount of physical space.

A Purdue University cooling expert, quoted by New Scientist, is skeptical of the idea. He believes that if you’re going to put your servers in a bathtub, you should use a special dielectric coolant liquid called Fluorinert rather than machine oil.

Citi whacks IT

In yet another sign of the vast amount of waste inherent in big-company IT operations, Citigroup announced this morning that the continued rationalization of its IT assets and workforce will be a cornerstone of its effort to cut $4.6 billion from its spending over the next three years. The company will, it said:

Continue to rationalize operational spending on technology. Simplification and standardization of Citi’s information technology platform will be critical to increase efficiency and drive lower costs as well as decrease time to market. Examples of this are: consolidation of data centers; improved capacity utilization of technical assets and optimizing global voice and data networks; standardizing how the company develops, deploys and runs applications; and maximizing value by limiting the number of software vendors to operate at scale.

When viewed in light of similar efforts by other corporate giants – Hewlett-Packard, for instance, is in the midst of an IT rationalization program expected to cut a billion dollars (a billion dollars!) from its IT budget – Citi’s announcement will up the pressure on other large companies to take a hard look at their IT spending and take advantage of new opportunities to do more with less. In the short run, the rationalization wave could be good news for IT vendors – at least some of them – as it will involve investing in the modernization of IT plants and equipment. But in the longer run, the trend at the top tier of the enterprise market is clear: IT spending is going down.

Sony may launch PlayGrid

Sony is considering tying together gamers’ PlayStation 3 consoles into a global supercomputing grid that could be used for commercial applications, reports the Financial Times today. Sony has already teamed up with Stanford in the nonprofit Folding@Home initiative, in which PS3 users donate the spare cycles of their machines to analyze protein cells. Some 12,000 people have signed up for Folding@Home.

The PS3s run on IBM’s powerful new Cell processor. According to the FT, a grid of 10,000 PS3s provides as much computing muscle as a grid of 200,000 personal computers. Sony’s chief technology officer, Masa Chatani, says that the company has already received inquiries from companies regarding using what I’ll call the PlayGrid for intensive computing jobs: “For example, a startup or a pharmaceutical company that lacks a supercomputer could utilize this kind of infrastructure. We are discussing various options with companies and exploring commercial applications.” Sony would likely offer PS3 owners some kind of incentive, such as product discounts, to get them to allow companies to borrow their machines when they’re not using them.

Another example of the creative ways in which the internet itself can be used as a computing platform, the Sony PlayGrid would provide businesses with another option for fulfilling their high-powered computing needs – needs that server makers like Sun and Dell are hoping to fulfill with trailer computers, custom racks, and other sophisticated machinery. It also testifies to the vast inventory of unused computing cycles in the world today.

I wonder what the power-consumption implications of the PlayGrid would be. To be part of a grid, a person would have to leave his PS3 on all the time. How much electricity would such a setup use, in comparison to other supercomputing alternatives? (It may not matter, commercially, since the costs would be “hidden” in thousands of residential electric bills, but it’s still worth asking.)